Insomnia
Insomnia
meaning simple like
“sleep disorder”. It refers to difficulty in falling asleep, also a feeling
refreshed from the sleep at midnight. It also increases with age falling
asleep is increased. As twice times many problems in women as men.
In average
age of 50 most of the population is not satisfied with their sleep. (actually,
quarter part of population).
The
condition of insomnia is chronic (long term) or acute (short term). Chronic
insomnia is more than 3 months & acute insomnia is approx. 3 weeks.
➣ What is insomnia
Insomnia
meaning is a
disturbance of the sleep cycle in the brain. The seep cycle is actively induced
& maintain by its neural mechanism in brain parts, like pons, limbic
parts, brain stem, etc.
Normal
human sleep includes 2 distinct levels
of orthodox & paradoxical sleep. The orthodox sleep takes up to 75% of the
sleeping time.
Here, four
stage of sleep, in phases 1 & 2 continuously decrease the cortical & behavioral
arousal. Stage 3 & 4 are the deepest phase of sleep & also a called slow –
wave sleep (SWS).
In
paradoxical sleep, rapid eye movement (REM) & non-rapid eye
movement (NREM).
REM
characterized by eye movement, irregular hearts, paralysis of muscles, increase brain activity & vivid dreams. It takes 25% of the normal sleep.
Peripheral autonomic activity is an increase during this phase & also increases in the output of free fatty acid & catecholamine. Also, a frightening dream can occur in this phase.
Peripheral autonomic activity is an increase during this phase & also increases in the output of free fatty acid & catecholamine. Also, a frightening dream can occur in this phase.
NREM is
characterized by slow respiratory, heart rate decrease, blood pressure decrease
& reduce brain activity.
Many hypnotics
drugs are affecting the sleeping pattern of the human. Like benzodiazepine
are decrease the stage 3 & 4 of the sleep, Z- hypnotics are decreasing stage 1 & 2 of REM sleep cycle.
➣ Causes of insomnia
Insomnia meaning is not able
to do good sleep during the night. So, many factors that affect the arousal
system of the sleep cycle or decreased activity in the sleep system. That result is
also difficult to sleep.
Some health causes of insomnia,
·
Sometimes
produce anxiety & depression.
·
During
night gastric reflux & uncontrolled asthma.
·
In
chronic pain.
·
Increase
emotional arousal.
·
Hyperlipidemia,
hyperthyroidism like other endocrine disorders.
·
Other common problems like discomfort at the night, sleep apnea, and others.
·
Interference
with cardiac rhythms.
·
Dementia
or cerebrovascular disease.
Many times, insomnia produce due to some mental problem,
·
Light,
noise, temperature, and environmental factors are affected.
·
Sometimes
produce big stress due to any issue like death of loves most, job lost, family
problem etc.
·
Changing
a schedule of sleep like jib sift, country traveled, etc.
Most common
cause of insomnia is a habit of drugs or withdrawal of drugs.
Action of some drugs that produce cause of insomnia. Like,
·
Narcotics
drugs
·
Caffeine,
steroids & cocaine
·
Theophylline
& Levothyroxine
·
Sympathomimetics
amines
·
Antimuscarinic
drugs & Antidepression drugs.
·
Alcohol,
hypnotics, anxiolytics
Sometimes,
drug withdrawal after its chronic use. So, its effect in the central nervous system. The central nervous system is depressed due to addicts to its drugs. Some drugs like
antidepressants, propranolol & antipsychotics can produce occasionally
nightmares. Sometimes patients are frequent awakening in night.
Frequent
arousal from the sleep due to muscle cramps, bruxism, headbanging, restless
legs syndrome, myoclonus & sleep apnoea syndromes.
Also due to
insomnia day time sleepiness resulting to an increase the traffic and
industrial accidents.
➣ Symptoms of Insomnia
Here, many
types of symptoms produce relating to sleep (because insomnia meaning
“sleep disorder”)
·
problem
falling asleep during the night.
·
Feeling
not well after the whole night's sleep.
·
Sometimes
waking up too early.
·
Frequent
waking during the night.
·
Whole
day feeling sleepiness & tiredness.
·
Anxiety,
irritability & depression.
·
Problem
with paying attention or focusing work (concentration & memory)
➣ ➣ Diagnosis of insomnia
Not an instrument for major insomnia. Your doctor some question asked you &
perform some blood test & major it. It is not a complicated diagnosis.
➣ Treatment of insomnia
·
Reduce
the taking of alcohol & caffeine.
·
Those
medication that produces insomnia, avoid that or replace other medication.
·
Make
a proper schedule to go to bed or get up the bed & follow that strictly.
·
Doing
a daily exercise, but not doing exercise to night or go to bedtime.
·
Avoid
some nicotine products, chocolate, etc.
·
Do
not listen to music or watch a TV during bedtime.
· The bedroom is not so cold or hot. Its relaxing & quite environmental must require
because insomnia meaning a sleep disorder or quite environmental must require.
·
After
30 min you cannot get asleep, get up & doing something else. After
repeat go to bed.
This all
things are helpful for reducing insomnia & get proper sleep.
➣ Insomnia medication
Hypnotic drugs :
hypnotic
drugs are provided to the treatment of symptomatic insomnia. It's effective in the short
– term. Insomnia meaning is not getting a well sleep. So, hypnotic
medication is help to produce sleep.
About 20 million prescriptions of the hypnotic drugs are issued each year in United Kingdom. Hypnotic drugs are beneficial that citizen! Great
About 20 million prescriptions of the hypnotic drugs are issued each year in United Kingdom. Hypnotic drugs are beneficial that citizen! Great
why ideal hypnotic drugs are used in insomnia,
·
✅It
not produces the hangover effect in next day.
·
✅Safe
for any elderly patients.
· ✅Not
any withdrawn effect produces.
·
✅It
doesn’t depress respiration.
·
✅Its
rapid onset of action must produce.
(please
note, this all characteristic is ideal hypnotic, other hypnotic is produced
many adverse effects, further discus)
Very
unfortunately, no one ideal hypnotic exist; most of the available hypnotic is
acts on central nervous system. Which inhibits both arousal & sleep
mechanism.
It does not produce natural sleep. Also, some adverse effects of “rebound insomnia” or “hangover” are produced. They are not suitable for long term use because they develop dependence and tolerance.
It does not produce natural sleep. Also, some adverse effects of “rebound insomnia” or “hangover” are produced. They are not suitable for long term use because they develop dependence and tolerance.
DRUGS
|
FUNCTION
|
TOLERENCE / DEPENDENCE
|
BENZODIAZEPINES DRUGS
Lorazepam
Clonazepam
Diazepam
Nitrazepam
|
All drugs are used in short term
insomnia. (acute insomnia)
|
Yes
|
Z-
HYPNOTICS
Zolpidem
Zopiclone
Zaleplon
|
Short term insomnia
used ( 2 to 4 weeks)
|
Yes
|
CHLORAL DERIVATIVES
Chloral betaine
|
Short term insomnia used
|
Yes
|
ANTIHISTAMINICS
Promethazine
|
Night sedation &
acute insomnia
|
Yes
|
CLOMETHIAZOLE
Clomethiazole
|
Severe insomnia in elder patients
|
Yes, but not dependence
|
MELATONIN
Circadin
Melatonin
|
Over 55 years of elder
insomnia patients (acute insomnia)
|
Not a tolerance or
not a dependence.
|
CONCLUSION :
Insomnia
meaning a simple not get good sleep, but this disease is very dangerous because
not fresh feel the whole day, no concentrate your work. So, I will give you some
medication also some natural tips followed it to cure & consult your doctor
to medication. I hope you like these articles. If you like it comment out.